National Taiwan University Hospital was founded in 1895 and was originally located in Dadaocheng, Taipei. It moved to its current location on Changde Street in 1898. The building at that time was made of wood and was called "West Site" or "Old Building".

In 1912, the hospital began to be rebuilt. It was designed by Juro Kondo of the Civil Engineering Bureau of the Taiwan Governor-General's Office and was changed into a Renaissance-style reinforced red brick building. It was completed in 1921 and became the most modern hospital in Southeast Asia at that time. The earliest wooden buildings were damaged by termites and were later replaced with red bricks, Alishan hinoki and Suao slate tiles. The ward floors were specially made of hinoki. Now only the office of the Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology remains.

The architectural design adopts a central axis symmetrical layout, with a central corridor running through the entire building, making it easier for patients and medical staff to identify directions. The main door faces south, the entrance flow is clear, and the outpatient clinics and wards are arranged in sequence. There are patios and green spaces between buildings to provide natural light and good ventilation. There are also bridges in the outpatient area to reduce congestion in the corridors.

In terms of appearance, there are Doric stone columns at the entrance, which are simple and elegant, while the hall adopts Ionic design, with grape patterns decorated on the top of the columns and semicircular arched windows. The roof design is really detailed, including guard towers, parapets and bull's-eye windows, making the building more beautiful.

The interior space has high ceilings and a dome to allow air circulation and bring in natural light. In the past, the floor was covered with cypress wood and cowhide, and medical staff had to wear slippers to avoid scratching the floor. There is also a foot-washing station next to the entrance, and traces of the removal of the old handrails and faucets can still be seen, showing the importance attached to public health at that time.